Risk Factors for NCDs
Risk Factors for NCDs
Tobacco use: Smoking and tobacco chewing increase risks, especially for lung cancer, heart disease, and COPD.
Unhealthy diet: High intake of salt, sugar, saturated fats, and low fruit and vegetable consumption.
Physical inactivity: Sedentary lifestyle contributes to obesity, hypertension, and insulin resistance.
Harmful use of alcohol: Excessive alcohol intake increases the risk of liver disease, some cancers, and hypertension.
Environmental factors: Air pollution and exposure to toxic substances contribute to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases (Vichitkunakorn et al., 2025).